- Origin
- Kerala, from Sanskrit theatre
- Languages
- Sanskrit and Malayalam
- Main instrument
- Mizhavu drum
- Traditional venue
- Koothambalam (temple theatre)
What makes it distinctive
Koodiyattam grew out of the Sanskrit drama tradition and was long performed only inside temples, in dedicated theatre halls called koothambalams, as an offering to the deity. Rather than moving briskly through a plot, an actor may spend a whole evening on one verse, opening it up through gesture and expression until the audience feels every shade of meaning.
The Vidushaka, or clown, is a key character. Speaking in Malayalam, he translates, jokes and makes pointed remarks about society, linking the old Sanskrit text with the people watching.
The elements of a performance
Classical theory describes four kinds of acting, all used here, together with a strong focus on sattvika, the inner feeling that the actor lets show on the face. Make-up and costumes are elaborate, with painted faces and large headdresses. The main accompaniment is the mizhavu, a big copper drum whose deep beats build tension, supported by cymbals and a small set of other instruments. The music stays in the background so that attention remains on the actor.
- Angika: movement and gesture
- Vachika: speech and chant
- Aharya: costume and make-up
- Sattvika: inner emotion shown through the face
- Mizhavu drum accompaniment
Where to see it
Full-length temple performances still take place in some koothambalams, though entry to the temple may be limited to Hindus. Shorter shows for general audiences are staged at cultural centres and during arts festivals, and Kerala Kalamandalam in Cheruthuruthy trains students in the form. We can help you find a performance that fits your dates when planning a Kerala trip.
Tips for watching
Read a short summary of the story before you go, since the dialogue is mostly in Sanskrit. Sit where you can see the actor's face clearly, because the eyes carry much of the meaning. Expect a slow, meditative experience rather than fast action.
Plan it with us
Tell us your dates and who is travelling. We will build the route, book the car, driver and hotels, and send you a clear quote.
